Syracuse

Genetic Selection Orientates Gut Microbiota in Pigs.

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Larzul, Catherine | Estellé, Jordi | Borey, Marion | Blanc, Fany | Lemonnier, Gaëtan | Billon, Yvon | Gabou Thiam, Mamadou | Quinquis, Benoit | Galleron, Nathalie | Jardet, Déborah | Lecardonnel, Jérôme | Plaza Oñate, Florian | Rogel-Gaillard, Claire

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International audience. Gut microbiota displays inter-individual variability and we lack knowledge on host genetics impact. We previously showed that 60-day-old pigs raised in similar conditions split into two fecal microbiota enterotypes enriched in Prevotella and Mitsuokella genera or Ruminococcus and Treponema. We produced two divergent pig lines respectively selected for the enrichment of the genera pairs specifying each enterotype. Response to selection over three generations revealed, per line, an increase in the prevalence of the selected enterotype and average relative abundances of directly and indirectly selected bacterial genera. Estimated heritabilities were significant for 62 genera abundances. Metagenomics refined differences between enterotypes at the species level, illustrating different functional potentials. Thus, we experimentally demonstrated the influence of host genetics on gut microbiota, highlighting holobionts as units of selection.

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