New perspectives on the molecular mechanisms of stress signalling by the nucleotide guanosine tetraphosphate ( ppGpp ), an emerging regulator of photosynthesis in plants and algae

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Mehrez, Marwa | Romand, Shanna | Field, Ben

Edité par CCSD ; Wiley -

International audience. The nucleotides guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate (together (p)ppGpp) are found in a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms where they are associated with stress signalling. In this review, we will discuss recent research highlighting the role of (p)ppGpp signalling as a conserved regulator of photosynthetic activity in the chloroplasts of plants and algae, and the latest discoveries that open up new perspectives on the emerging roles of (p)ppGpp in acclimation to environmental stress. We explore how rapid advances in the study of (p)ppGpp signalling in prokaryotes are now revealing large gaps in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of signalling by (p)ppGpp and related nucleotides in plants and algae. Filling in these gaps is likely to lead to the discovery of conserved as well as new plant- and algal-specific (p)ppGpp signalling mechanisms that will offer new insights into the taming of the chloroplast and the regulation of stress tolerance. . Les nucléotides guanosine tétraphosphate et guanosine pentaphosphate (ensemble (p)ppGpp) sont présents dans un large éventail d'organismes procaryotes et eucaryotes où ils sont associés à la signalisation du stress. Dans cette revue, nous abordons les recherches récentes qui mettent en évidence le rôle de la signalisation du (p)ppGpp en tant que régulateur conservé de l'activité photosynthétique dans les chloroplastes des plantes et des algues, ainsi que les dernières découvertes qui ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives sur les rôles émergents du (p)ppGpp dans l'acclimatation au stress environnemental. Nous explorons comment les progrès rapides dans l'étude de la signalisation du (p)ppGpp chez les procaryotes révèlent maintenant de grandes lacunes dans notre compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires de la signalisation par le (p)ppGpp et les nucléotides apparentés chez les plantes et les algues. Combler ces lacunes conduira probablement à la découverte de mécanismes de signalisation par (p)ppGpp conservés ou nouveaux, spécifiques aux plantes et aux algues, qui offriront de nouvelles perspectives sur l'apprivoisement du chloroplaste et la régulation de la tolérance au stress.

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