Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution
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Kocher, Arthur | Papac, Luka | Barquera, Rodrigo | Key, Felix | Spyrou, Maria | Hübler, Ron | Rohrlach, Adam | Aron, Franziska | Stahl, Raphaela | Wissgott, Antje | van Bömmel, Florian | Pfefferkorn, Maria | Mittnik, Alissa | Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa | Neumann, Gunnar | Rivollat, Maïté | van de Loosdrecht, Marieke | Majander, Kerttu | Tukhbatova, Rezeda | Musralina, Lyazzat | Ghalichi, Ayshin | Penske, Sandra | Sabin, Susanna | Michel, Megan | Gretzinger, Joscha | Nelson, Elizabeth | Ferraz, Tiago | Nägele, Kathrin | Parker, Cody | Keller, Marcel | Guevara, Evelyn | Feldman, Michal | Eisenmann, Stefanie | Skourtanioti, Eirini | Giffin, Karen | Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto | Friederich, Susanne | Schimmenti, Vittoria | Khartanovich, Valery | Karapetian, Marina | Chaplygin, Mikhail | Kufterin, Vladimir | Khokhlov, Aleksandr | Chizhevsky, Andrey | Stashenkov, Dmitry | Kochkina, Anna | Tejedor-Rodríguez, Cristina | de Lagrán, Íñigo García-Martínez | Arcusa-Magallón, Héctor | Garrido-Pena, Rafael | Royo-Guillén, José Ignacio | Nováček, Jan | Rottier, Stéphane | Kacki, Sacha | Saintot, Sylvie | Kaverzneva, Elena | Belinskiy, Andrej | Velemínský, Petr | Limburský, Petr | Kostka, Michal | Loe, Louise | Popescu, Elizabeth | Clarke, Rachel | Lyons, Alice | Mortimer, Richard | Sajantila, Antti | de Armas, Yadira Chinique | Hernandez Godoy, Silvia Teresita | Hernández-Zaragoza, Diana | Pearson, Jessica | Binder, Didier | Lefranc, Philippe | Kantorovich, Anatoly | Maslov, Vladimir | Lai, Luca | Zoledziewska, Magdalena | Beckett, Jessica | Langová, Michaela | Danielisová, Alžběta | Ingman, Tara | Atiénzar, Gabriel García | de Miguel Ibáñez, Maria Paz | Romero, Alejandro | Sperduti, Alessandra | Beckett, Sophie | Salter, Susannah | Zilivinskaya, Emma | Vasil’ev, Dmitry | von Heyking, Kristin | Burger, Richard | Salazar, Lucy | Amkreutz, Luc | Navruzbekov, Masnav | Rosenstock, Eva | Alonso-Fernández, Carmen | Slavchev, Vladimir | Kalmykov, Alexey | Atabiev, Biaslan Ch. | Batieva, Elena | Calmet, Micaela Alvarez | Llamas, Bastien | Schultz, Michael | Krauß, Raiko | Jiménez-Echevarría, Javier | Francken, Michael | Shnaider, Svetlana | de Knijff, Peter | Altena, Eveline | van de Vijver, Katrien | Fehren-Schmitz, Lars | Tung, Tiffiny | Lösch, Sandra | Dobrovolskaya, Maria | Makarov, Nikolaj | Read, Chris | van Twest, Melanie | Sagona, Claudia | Ramsl, Peter | Akar, Murat | Yener, K. Aslihan | Ballestero, Eduardo Carmona | Cucca, Francesco | Mazzarello, Vittorio | Utrilla, Pilar | Rademaker, Kurt | Fernández-Domínguez, Eva | Baird, Douglas | Semal, Patrick | Márquez-Morfín, Lourdes | Roksandic, Mirjana | Steiner, Hubert | Salazar-García, Domingo Carlos | Shishlina, Natalia | Erdal, Yilmaz Selim | Hallgren, Fredrik | Boyadzhiev, Yavor | Boyadzhiev, Kamen | Küßner, Mario | Sayer, Duncan | Onkamo, Päivi | Skeates, Robin | Rojo-Guerra, Manuel | Buzhilova, Alexandra | Khussainova, Elmira | Djansugurova, Leyla | Beisenov, Arman | Samashev, Zainolla | Massy, Ken | Mannino, Marcello | Moiseyev, Vyacheslav | Mannermaa, Kristiina | Balanovsky, Oleg | Deguilloux, Marie-France | Reinhold, Sabine | Hansen, Svend | Kitov, Egor | Dobeš, Miroslav | Ernée, Michal | Meller, Harald | Alt, Kurt | Prüfer, Kay | Warinner, Christina | Schiffels, Stephan | Stockhammer, Philipp | Bos, Kirsten | Posth, Cosimo | Herbig, Alexander | Haak, Wolfgang | Krause, Johannes | Kühnert, Denise
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CCSD ; American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) -
International audience.
Ancient DNA traces the history of hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections represent a worldwide human health concern. To study the history of this pathogen, Kocher et al . identified 137 human remains with detectable levels of virus dating between 400 and 10,000 years ago. Sequencing and analyses of these ancient viruses suggested a common ancestor between 12,000 and 20,000 years ago. There is no evidence indicating that HBV was present in the earliest humans as they spread out of Africa; however, HBV was likely present in human populations before farming. Furthermore, the virus was present in the Americas by about 9000 years ago, representing a lineage sister to the viral strains found in Eurasia that diverged about 20,000 years ago. —LMZ
