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Touché! STARD3 and STARD3NL tether the ER to endosomes

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Alpy, Fabien | Wilhelm, Léa p. | Tomasetto, Catherine

Edité par CCSD ; Portland Press -

International audience. Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are subcellular regions where the membranes of distinct organelles come into close apposition. These specialized areas of the cell, which are involved in inter-organelle metabolite exchange, are scaffolded by specific complexes. STARD3 [StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein)-related lipid transfer domain-3] and its close paralogue STARD3NL (STARD3 N-terminal like) are involved in the formation of contacts between late-endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The lipid transfer protein (LTP) STARD3 and STARD3NL, which are both anchored on the limiting membrane of late endosomes (LEs), interact with ER-anchored VAP [VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)-associated protein] (VAP-A and VAP-B) proteins. This direct interaction allows ER–endosome contact formation. STARD3 or STARD3NL-mediated ER–endosome contacts, which affect endosome dynamics, are believed to be involved in cholesterol transport.

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