Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora
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ter Steege, Hans | Prado, Paulo, Inácio | de Lima, Renato, a F | Pos, Edwin | de Andrade, Diogenes | Filho, Lima | Salomão, Rafael, P | Amaral, Ieda | Dionizia de Almeida Matos, Francisca | Castilho, Carolina | Phillips, Oliver | Guevara, Juan, Ernesto | de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo | Veiga, Jesus | Cárdenas López, Dairon | Magnusson, William, E | Wittmann, Florian | Martins, Maria, Pires | Sabatier, Daniel | Irume, Mariana, Victória | Renan Da, José | Guimarães, Silva | Molino, Jean-François | Banki, Olaf | Fernandez Piedade 18, Maria, Teresa | Pitman 19, Nigel, C A | Ferreira Ramos, José | Mendoza, Abel, Monteagudo | Martins Venticinque, Eduardo | Luize, Bruno, Garcia | Vargas, Núñez | Sanna, Thiago | Silva, Freire | Márcia, Evlyn | De, Moraes | Novo, Leão | Farias, Neidiane | Reis, Costa | Terborgh, John | Manzatto, Angelo, Gilberto | Casula, Katia, Regina | Honorio Coronado, Euridice, N | Montero, Juan, Carlos | Duque, Alvaro | Costa, Flávia, R C | Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás | Schöngart, Jochen | Zartman, Charles, Eugene | Killeen, Timothy, J | Marimon, Beatriz, S | Hur Marimon-Junior, Ben | Vasquez, Rodolfo | Mostacedo, Bonifacio | Demarchi, Layon, O | Feldpausch, Ted, R | Engel, Julien | Petronelli, Pascal | Baraloto, Chris | Assis, Rafael, L | Castellanos, Hernán | Simon, Marcelo | Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo | Quaresma, Adriano | Laurance, Susan | Rincón, Lorena, M | Andrade, Ana | Sousa, Thaiane, R | Luís Camargo 42, José | Schietti, Juliana | Laurance, William, F | Lima de Queiroz, Helder | Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique, Eduardo | Lopes, Maria, Celeste | de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle | Leonardo, José | Magalhães, Lima | Brienen, Roel | Aymard, Gerardo, A. | 49, C | David, Juan | Revilla, Cardenas | Célia, Ima | Vieira, Guimarães | Barçante, Bruno | Cintra 50, Ladvocat | Stevenson, Pablo, R | Oliveira Feitosa 52, Yuri | Duivenvoorden, Joost, F | Mogollón, Hugo, F | Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro | Valle Ferreira, Leandro | Lozada, José | Comiskey, James, A | Julio de Toledo, José | Damasco, Gabriel | Dávila, Nallarett | Lopes, Aline | Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt | Draper, Freddie | Vicentini, Alberto | Cornejo Valverde, Fernando | Lloyd, Jon | Gomes, Vitor, H F | Neill, David | Alonso, Alfonso | Dallmeier, Francisco | Coelho de Souza, Fernanda | Gribel, Rogério | Arroyo, Luzmila | Carvalho, Fernanda, Antunes | Praia, Daniel | de Aguiar, Portela | Dantas Do Amaral, Dário | Petratti Pansonato, Marcelo | Feeley, Kenneth, J | Berenguer, Erika | Fine 60, Paul, V A | Guedes, Marcelino | Barlow, Jos | Ferreira 48, Joice | Villa, Boris | Cristina, Maria, Mc | Mora, Peñuela | Jimenez, Eliana | Licona, Juan | Cerón, Carlos | Thomas, Raquel | Maas, Paul | Silveira, Marcos | Henkel, Terry, W | Stropp, Juliana | Ríos Paredes 85, Marcos | Dexter, Kyle, G | Daly, Doug | Baker, Tim, R | Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau | Milliken, William | Pennington, Toby | Tello, J. | Luis, José | Pena, Marcelo | Peres 92, Carlos, A | Klitgaard, Bente | Fuentes, Alfredo | Silman, Miles, R | Di Fiore 96, Anthony | von Hildebrand, Patricio | Chave, Jérôme | van Andel, Tinde, R | Hilário, Renato, Richard | Phillips, Juan, Fernando | Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo | Noronha, Janaína, Costa | Prieto, Adriana | Gonzales, Therany | De, Rainiellene | Carpanedo, Sá | Pepe, George | Gonzales, Gallardo | Zárate Gómez, Ricardo | De, Domingos | Rodrigues, Jesus | Zent, Egleé, L | Ruschel, Ademir, R
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Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come.
