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Vascular and Nutrigenomic effects of grapefruit flavanones consumption: A RCT in post-menopausal women
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Le fichier annexe contient le livre des résumés. The consumption of citrus fruits is associated with health benefits. However, clinical data regarding the effects of grapefruit flavanone consumption on vascular function are lacking. The present clinical study aimed at 1) characterizing the specific role of naringin in the effect of a long-term consumption of grapefruit juice on vascular function in humans and 2) analyzing changes in PBMCs transcriptome profile induced by grapefruit naringin.52 healthy post-menopausal women were enrolled in a crossover RCT. For two periods of 6 months, subjects consumed 340ml/d of grapefruit juice (212mg naringin) or an iso-energetic matched control beverage without flavanones. The effects on endothelial function (FMD), arterial stiffness (PWV) and blood pressure as well as on systemic biomarkers of CV risk were evaluated. A global gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed using microarrays.PWV was significantly lower after consumption of grapefruit juice than after consumption of the matched control drink without flavanones. Whereas the other vascular parameters and conventional biomarkers associated to CV risks were not affected by the intervention. The PBMCs nutrigenomic analyses showed that the intake of naringin through grapefruit consumption regulated the expression of genes involved in inflammatory processes and in interactions between vascular and circulating immune cells.This study showed that the long-term consumption of grapefruit juice could protect from arterial stiffening in humans. This effect may be related to flavanones. The nutrigenomic study revealed that grapefruit flavanones might be effective in reducing the interactions between immune cells and vascular endothelium. Inflammation and immune cell infiltration are known for their role in the induction of arterial stiffness.
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