Diversity Within and Between Species of Botrytis

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Walker, Anne Sophie, A. S.

Edité par CCSD ; Springer International Publishing -

The genus Botrytis is highly diverse, with numerous species differing in terms of their biology, ecology, morphological features and host range. Progress in molecular genetics, and the development of relevant phylogenetic markers in particular, has resulted in the establishment of ≈ 30 species, a hybrid and a species complex. At least seven new species have been identified in the last decade, albeit with limited scientific support in some cases. B. cinerea has long been known to display broad population diversity, possibly due to intense recombination and large population sizes. The introduction of powerful markers, such as SSRs, has provided new insight into the respective contributions of the forces driving this diversity. It has recently been shown that populations may be structured, not only by the host plant as shown in preliminary studies, but also by other factors, such as cropping system, geography and fungicide applications. Evidence of recombination and gene flow, between and within compartments, has also been obtained. Finally, this chapter focuses on the biological and genetic characteristics of Botrytis spp. favouring their adaptation to their local environment and speciation. This information is particularly useful for improving the management of diseases on cultivated hosts.

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