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Coxiella burnetii Induces Inflammatory Interferon-Like Signature in ă Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells: A New Feature of Immune Response in Q ă Fever
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International audience. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a major role in antiviral ă immunity via the production of type I interferons (IFNs). There is some ă evidence that pDCs interact with bacteria but it is not yet clear ă whether they are protective or contribute to bacterial pathogenicity. We ă wished to investigate whether Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, ă interacts with pDCs. The stimulation of pDCs with C. burnetii increased ă the expression of activation and migratory markers (CD86 and CCR7) as ă determined by flow cytometry and modulated gene expression program as ă revealed by a microarray approach. Indeed, genes encoding for ă pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and type I INF were ă up-regulated. The up-regulation of type I IFN was correlated with an ă increase in IFN-alpha release by C. burnetii-stimulated pDCs. We also ă investigated pDCs in patients with Q fever endocarditis. Using flow ă cytometry and a specific gating strategy, we found that the number of ă circulating pDCs was significantly lower in patients with Q fever ă endocarditis as compared to healthy donors. In addition, the remaining ă circulating pDCs expressed activation and migratory markers. As a whole, ă our study identified non-previously reported activation of pDCs by C. ă bumetil and their modulation during Q fever.
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