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Elevated heart rate predicts beta cell function in non-diabetic individuals: the RISC cohort
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Edité par CCSD ; Oxford Univ. Press -
International audience. CONTEXT: Elevated heart rate has been associated with insulin resistance and incident type 2 diabetes but its relationship with β-cell function is not known. Our aim was to investigate whether baseline heart rate is associated with β-cell function and hyperglycaemia. METHODS: We used the prospective RISC cohort with 1005 non-diabetic individuals who had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline and after 3 years. Impaired glucose regulation was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥6.1 mmol/l or a 2-hour plasma glucose ≥7.8 mmol/l. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the OGIS index and insulin secretion and β-cell glucose sensitivity at both baseline and 3 years. RESULTS: Baseline heart rate was positively related to both fasting (p\textless0.0001) and 2h glucose levels (p=0.02) at year 3 and predicted the presence of impaired glucose regulation at year 3 in a logistic regression model adjusting for insulin sensitivity at inclusion [OR per 10 beats/min: 1.31; 95% CI (1.07-1.61); p=0.01]. Baseline heart rate was associated with lower insulin sensitivity (β=-0.11; p\textless.0001), a decrease in both β-cell glucose sensitivity (β=-0.11; p=0.003) and basal insulin secretion rate (β=-0.11; p=0.002) at 3 years in an adjusted multivariable regression model. Baseline heart rate predicted the 3-year decrease in β-cell glucose sensitivity (β=-0.10; p=0.007) and basal insulin secretion (β=-0.12; p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Heart rate predicts β-cell function and impaired glucose regulation at 3 years in non-diabetic individuals, independently of the level of insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest a possible effect of the sympathetic nervous system on β-cell dysfunction, which deserves further investigation
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